How To Master Future Perfect Tense
Future Perfect is the future accomplished tense in English. This form is quite voluminous, so quite often it is used in conversations. However, this tense can be found in genres where journalistic style is used - such as articles or letters. As any tense of the Perfect group, this tense supposes the execution of the action and the effect. Future Perfect helps to express an action that must be completed to a certain moment or before the other actions in the future. More often, this tense is replaced with more simple – Future Simple, and Future Perfect is used only when it is necessary to emphasize the fact that the action will be completed. Do you have any problems with English tenses? Do not be upset, our college essay editing service will cope with all your mistakes with great pleasure.
As we have already mentioned, the Future Perfect in English is quite a complex tense, and it is used infrequently. Therefore, to begin with, we will learn to form sentences in Future Perfect, and then consider the main cases in which it is preferable to use this tense. Moreover, you can also consult our post about Future Simple tense in order to get additional knowledge.
Declarative sentence
For the formation of an affirmative (narrative) sentence in Future Perfect, we need to use auxiliary words shall have or will have before the verb. For regular verbs -ed ending is added. When dealing with irregular verbs, we use its third form. Earlier, shall have was used with the 1st person singular and plural, and will have - with all the others, but now this rule is not relevant, and will have can be used with all persons of. The pattern of these sentences:
The subject + shall have / will have + verb with the ending -ed or its third form
The example of the declarative sentence:
By next Monday, my father will have arrived from France.
Negative sentence
For the formation of the negative sentences, we need to add a particle not after auxiliary verbs shall / will. If desired, we can merge the particle with shall and will and create shan’t have or won’t have, respectively. Here is the pattern:
The subject + shall not have / will not have + verb (the ending -ed or the third form)
Look at an example:
Jack will not have finished his argumentative essay by 8 o'clock.
Interrogative sentence
In order to form an interrogative sentence in Future Perfect tense, we need to put the auxiliary verb shall/will into first place of the sentence. The pattern is as follows:
Shall / Will + subject + have + verb (the ending -ed or the third form)
Look at an example of a question:
Will you have cleaned the room by the time we come back?
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Auxiliary words
As the rest of Perfect tenses in English, Future Perfect has its own auxiliary words that are used in the construction of this tense.
- by 3 o’clock, 9 o’clock
- by the time
- by August, Wednesday
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Cases in which it is necessary to use the Future Perfect
1. To express future action that should be finished by a certain time in the future. There are several variants of expression of this point:
a) by the time circumstances, which more or less exactly point at the moment by which the action should be completed:
- by sunrise;
- by Thursday;
- by then;
- by eleven o'clock;
- by the end of the year;
- by that time.
Examples:
They will have passed 8 miles by sunset.
Jack will have consulted seven dictionaries by the exam time.
b) by another future action that is expressed in the Present Simple. If the sentence is declarative, the action expressed by the Present Simple can begin with the words before or when.
Jane will have cooked breakfast before I wake up.
Richard will have repaired the wardrobe when I leave.
You can also use a particle by:
Mom will have watched a movie by the time I come home.
2. The next function is quite unusual, and it is not relevant to the future actions. In this case, we use Future Perfect to indicate the last supposed action and is used as an analog of the construction «must + Perfect Infinitive». In the translation, we obtain "likely ... ..." or "... probably ...» It is better to look at a specific example:
Your admirers will have noticed your positive attitude to charity.
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Future Perfect is a rather rare phenomenon in English, but it is necessary to learn how to recognize it. We tried to provide with all necessary information about this tense form, and we hope that you will not confuse it with others. Try to do some exercises in written form, and you will improve your skills. This tense form is not too difficult, so you should read the information carefully and put it into practice. Believe in yourself, practice your English every day and you will become a master! However, if some problems arise, you can easily contact our smart editing and proofreading professionals who are at your disposal 24/7. Remember that are our prices are reasonable, and the quality is at a very high level. Do you have any questions or additions? We are waiting for your comments. Join us!
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